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Related Concept Videos

Phases of Wound Repair01:28

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Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
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Overview of Regeneration and Repair01:19

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Regeneration and repair processes are critical in healing damages caused by injury, disease, and aging. In regeneration, the damaged tissue is entirely replaced with new growth that restores the original architecture and function. In contrast, tissue repair usually results in a fixed tissue architecture involving scar formation. Scars generally do not reestablish tissue function and may also exhibit structural abnormalities at the injury site.
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Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

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The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
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Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Visualizing Scar Development Using SCAD Assay - An Ex-situ Skin Scarring Assay
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Visualizing Scar Development Using SCAD Assay - An Ex-situ Skin Scarring Assay

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Scarring and wound healing.

Daniel A Potter1, David Veitch2, Graham A Johnston3

  • 1Academic Foundation Trainee and Honorary Research Fellow, Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)
|November 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Skin scars result from the normal wound healing process. Pathological scars like hypertrophic or keloid scars can be disfiguring, but early identification and treatment with corticosteroids or other therapies can improve outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Wound Healing Research
  • Surgical Outcomes

Background:

  • Skin scarring is a common outcome of trauma and surgery, affecting millions globally.
  • Patients with scars often face dismissive clinicians, highlighting a gap in pathological scar identification and treatment knowledge.
  • The normal wound healing process involves inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling stages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the wound healing process and the development of pathological scars.
  • To inform clinicians on identifying and managing hypertrophic and keloid scars.
  • To outline current and alternative treatment strategies for problematic scarring.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the physiological stages of wound healing.
  • Analysis of factors leading to aberrant scarring (hypertrophic and keloid scars).
  • Summary of clinical management and treatment options for pathological scars.

Main Results:

  • The wound healing process can be disrupted, leading to conditions such as hypertrophic or keloid scars.
  • Good surgical technique and aftercare can minimize the risk of pathological scar formation.
  • Early identification and treatment, often with corticosteroids, are crucial for managing pathological scars.

Conclusions:

  • Pathological scars require early recognition and intervention.
  • Standard treatments include topical or intralesional corticosteroids.
  • Resistant cases may benefit from advanced therapies like phototherapy, radiotherapy, or surgical intervention.