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Diagnostic Utility of Eosinophil and Platelet in Newborns With Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis: A
1Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo University, 315400 Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Insights
Elevated eosinophil and platelet counts in newborns can help diagnose Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis (FPIAP). Combined detection of these blood parameters offers a valuable diagnostic reference for this common allergic condition.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Neonatal Hematology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis (FPIAP) is a prevalent allergic condition in infants.
- The current gold-standard diagnostic method, the avoidance-provocation test, has clinical limitations.
- Peripheral blood cell detection is an emerging, simpler diagnostic approach.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate eosinophil and platelet level changes in newborns with FPIAP.
- To assess the diagnostic value of these blood parameters in differentiating FPIAP in newborns.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 41 newborns with FPIAP and 80 healthy controls.
- Analysis of peripheral blood parameters including eosinophils and platelets using an automatic blood cell analyzer.
- Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis to identify risk factors and diagnostic value.
Main Results:
- Eosinophil and platelet levels were significantly higher in newborns with FPIAP compared to controls (p < 0.05).
- Elevated eosinophils and platelets were identified as risk factors for FPIAP.
- Combined detection of eosinophils and platelets achieved an AUC of 0.862 for FPIAP diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Newborns diagnosed with FPIAP exhibit increased peripheral blood eosinophil and platelet counts.
- The combined assessment of eosinophil and platelet levels serves as a valuable diagnostic reference for FPIAP in neonates.
Aims/Background:
Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is a common allergic disease in the clinic. Despite being the diagnostic gold-standard method, the avoidance-provocation test has certain limitations that hinder its clinical applications. Detection of peripheral blood cells has emerged as an important research hotspot because of its relative methodological simplicity. Platelets and eosinophils play an important role in allergic diseases, but relevant studies on newborns with FPIAP remain scarce. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of eosinophil and platelet levels in children with allergic enteritis, and to explore its application value in the differential diagnosis of newborns with FPIAP.
Methods:
This retrospective study included 41 newborns with FPIAP admitted to The Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo University from December 2022 to December 2024 and 80 healthy newborns who underwent physical examination during the same period as controls. Data of all selected newborns and their mothers were collected from their medical records. The morning venous blood samples of the two groups were collected. White blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, platelets and hemoglobin were detected using an automatic blood cell analyzer. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of newborns with FPIAP. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of these blood parameters for newborns with FPIAP.
Results:
The results showed that eosinophils and platelets in the FPIAP group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated levels of eosinophils and platelets were risk factors for newborns with FPIAP (p < 0.05). The combined detection of peripheral blood platelet and eosinophil counts yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.862 for the diagnosis of FPIAP in newborns, with a specificity of 0.825 and a sensitivity of 0.805.
Conclusion:
Newborns with FPIAP feature increased eosinophil and platelet counts, which provide an invaluable diagnostic reference for the allergic disease when used in combination.
