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Hierarchical In2O3@SnO2 Core-Shell Nanofiber for High Efficiency Formaldehyde Detection
Kechuang Wan1, Ding Wang1, Feng Wang1
1School of Material Science & Engineering , University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , Shanghai 200093 , P. R. China.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|November 12, 2019
Summary
This study developed a novel indium oxide and tin oxide (In2O3@SnO2) core-shell nanofiber material for highly sensitive formaldehyde gas detection. The In2O3@SnO2 composite demonstrates superior performance, including a low detection limit and fast response times, making it ideal for environmental monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Chemical Sensing
Background:
- Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a harmful indoor air pollutant.
- Development of sensitive and selective HCHO gas sensors is crucial for public health.
- Hierarchical nanostructures offer enhanced gas sensing properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and synthesize a three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical In2O3@SnO2 core-shell nanofiber.
- To investigate the HCHO sensing performance of the novel composite material.
- To compare its sensing capabilities against pure In2O3 and SnO2 materials.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of In2O3@SnO2 core-shell nanofibers using electrospinning and hydrothermal methods.
- Characterization of nanostructure using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with elemental mapping.
- Evaluation of formaldehyde gas sensing performance, including response value, response/recovery time, selectivity, and detection limit.
Main Results:
- Successfully synthesized hierarchical In2O3@SnO2 core-shell nanofibers with vertically aligned SnO2 nanosheets.
- The In2O3@SnO2 composite exhibited a significantly higher response value (180.1) towards 100 ppm HCHO compared to pure In2O3 (19.7) and SnO2 (33.2).
- Achieved an ultra-low detection limit of 10 ppb for HCHO with fast response/recovery times (3/3.6 s) at 120 °C.
Conclusions:
- The In2O3@SnO2 core-shell nanocomposite demonstrates excellent HCHO sensing properties due to synergistic effects.
- The material's large specific surface area, abundant oxygen species, and unique heterojunction structure contribute to its enhanced performance.
- This work presents an effective strategy for developing advanced hierarchical sensitive materials for trace HCHO detection.
