Effect of Different Framework Materials in Implant-Supported Fixed Mandibular Prostheses: A Finite Element Analysis

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Engineering
• Dental Implantology
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Fixed complete prostheses on severely resorbed mandibles require robust framework materials.
• Understanding the biomechanical behavior of different materials is crucial for long-term implant success.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate and compare the biomechanical performance of various framework materials for implant-supported fixed mandibular prostheses.
• Utilize three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) to assess stress distribution and deformation.

Main Methods:

• A 3D FEA model of a resorbed edentulous mandible with implants and abutments was created.
• Simulations were performed for six framework materials: titanium (Ti), cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr), zirconia (ZrO2), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK (CFR-PEEK), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
• Applied loads simulated masticatory muscle forces, and stress/deformation were analyzed.

Main Results:

• Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) frameworks exhibited high deformation and critical tensile stress in the bone.
• Carbon fiber-reinforced polyether ether ketone (CFR-PEEK) frameworks reached their failure limit.
• Titanium (Ti), zirconia (ZrO2), and cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) frameworks showed stresses within physiologic limits in the bone region.

Conclusions:

• Titanium (Ti), cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr), and zirconia (ZrO2) frameworks demonstrated the most favorable biomechanical outcomes.
• These materials are recommended for implant-supported fixed mandibular prostheses due to better stress distribution and reduced risk of bone complications.