Immune System Modulation in Response to Strength Training With Blood Flow Restriction
Thiago S P de Souza1, Patrick A de S Pfeiffer1, Jordan do N Pereira2
1Department of Physical Education, Physical Education Postgraduate Associate Program, Kinanthropometry and Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil ; and.
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
|November 13, 2019
Summary
Strength training with blood flow restriction (ST-BFR) modulates immune cells similarly to low-intensity exercise. These immune responses indicate appropriate recovery, not immunosuppression, regardless of training method.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Immunology
- Sports Science
Background:
- Strength training is known to modulate immune function.
- Blood flow restriction (BFR) training is a novel method that allows for muscle hypertrophy and strength gains at lower intensities.
- The immunoinflammatory responses to strength training with blood flow restriction (ST-BFR) compared to traditional multiple-set training at varying intensities remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the immunoinflammatory responses to ST-BFR versus multiple-set training at 30% and 75% of one-repetition maximum (1RM).
- To analyze changes in total leukocytes, segmented neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and lymphocyte subpopulations following different resistance training protocols.
Main Methods:
- A randomized experimental study with a repeated-measures design.
- Eighteen physically active adults (20-31 years) performed a strength training session.
- Blood samples were collected pre-training, immediately post-training, and at 30 minutes and 24 hours post-training for immunoinflammatory analysis.
Main Results:
- Strength training, irrespective of the method, significantly modulated leukocyte count, with neutrophils and TCD4+ lymphocytes being key factors.
- ST-BFR and low-intensity (30% 1RM) training induced similar modulations in total leukocytes and neutrophils compared to high-intensity (75% 1RM) training.
- While cell demargination varied between methods and intensities, the overall modulation patterns of leukocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations suggest appropriate recovery.
Conclusions:
- ST-BFR elicits immunoinflammatory responses comparable to low-intensity training and distinct from high-intensity training.
- The observed immune cell variations are consistent with a healthy recovery process and do not indicate immunosuppression.
- This study highlights that ST-BFR is a viable training method with specific immunomodulatory effects.
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