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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory

Published on: May 11, 2020

Error processing and mindfulness meditation in female students.

Kristina Eichel¹, Jutta Stahl²

¹Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 171 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology

|November 13, 2019

Summary

Mindfulness training did not directly impact error processing neural signals. However, both mindfulness and progressive muscle relaxation reduced stress and increased mindfulness, with both groups showing improved error positivity.

Keywords:

Error detection Event-related potential Mindfulness meditation Performance monitoring Progressive muscle relaxation Stress reduction

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Published on: May 10, 2017

Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Psychology
Mindfulness Research

Background:

Previous research suggests mindfulness influences error processing, but findings are inconsistent.
Studies have linked trait mindfulness to behavioral and neural markers of error detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of a smartphone-based mindfulness program on error processing.
To compare mindfulness training with progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) in female students.
To examine neural correlates of error processing using electroencephalography (EEG).

Main Methods:

A four-week smartphone-based mindfulness intervention group (N=22) versus a PMR control group (N=20).
Participants completed a modified Simon task and error detection paradigm.
EEG measured error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (EP) components.

Main Results:

Mindfulness meditation did not show a differential effect on ERN or EP compared to PMR.
Both groups experienced a significant reduction in stress symptoms.
Both groups showed an increase in self-reported mindfulness and enhanced error positivity (EP).

Conclusions:

A brief mindfulness intervention did not specifically alter neural error processing markers compared to PMR.
Both interventions effectively reduced stress and increased mindfulness.
Enhanced error positivity suggests improved post-error processing in both conditions.