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Functional maintenance in the multiple demand network characterizes superior fluid intelligence in aging.

Nianming Zuo1, Alireza Salami2, Hao Liu3

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Maintaining a youthful brain network structure is key for cognitive function in aging. This study shows that preserving the multiple demand network

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • The multiple demand network (MDN) is crucial for multitasking and fluid intelligence (gF).
  • Neural mechanisms underlying age-related cognitive decline, especially in intelligence, remain underexplored.
  • The role of MDN functional architecture in successful aging and preserved intelligence is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the resting-state functional architecture of the MDN using eigenvector centrality (EC).
  • To examine the relationship between MDN EC, aging, and fluid intelligence.
  • To determine if maintaining a youth-like MDN functional architecture is associated with superior intelligence in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized eigenvector centrality (EC) to analyze resting-state functional brain connectivity of the MDN.
  • Assessed fluid intelligence (gF) and its association with age.
  • Compared MDN EC and gF between younger and older adult groups.

Main Results:

  • Fluid intelligence (gF) showed a negative association with age.
  • MDN EC was found to competitively mediate age-related decline in gF.
  • Older adults with similar MDN EC to younger individuals demonstrated higher gF than their age-matched peers.

Conclusions:

  • Excessive cross-talk within the MDN may negatively impact intelligence.
  • Maintenance of a youth-like functional architecture in the MDN is linked to superior cognitive function in aging.
  • These findings highlight the importance of MDN functional integrity for successful cognitive aging.