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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
249
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

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Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
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Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

307
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
307
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
902

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Laparoscopic nephrectomy in xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

Murad Asali1, Alexander Tsivian2

  • 1Department of Urology, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Central European Journal of Urology
|November 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a viable treatment for xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPG). This minimally invasive approach offers successful outcomes for patients with this kidney infection.

Keywords:
contraindicationslaparoscopic nephrectomypyelonephritisrenal surgeryxanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPG) is a chronic suppurative bacterial infection of the kidney.
  • Nephrectomy is often required for non-functioning kidneys affected by XPG.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy in patients with XPG.
  • To assess the feasibility of minimally invasive surgery for XPG.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 27 patients who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy for XPG between 2002 and 2010.
  • Data collected included operative time, blood loss, hospital stay, complications, and renal function.

Main Results:

  • Successful laparoscopic nephrectomy in 26 out of 27 patients, with one conversion to open surgery.
  • Mean operative time: 193.6 minutes; Mean estimated blood loss: 223.5 ml.
  • Mean hospital stay: 4.8 days; Major complications in 11.1% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a safe and effective initial surgical approach for XPG.
  • The indications for laparoscopic nephrectomy can be extended to include patients with XPG.