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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
4.3K

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Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Living Cells Using Atomic Force Microscopy
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Measuring viscoelasticity of soft biological samples using atomic force microscopy.

Yuri M Efremov1, Takaharu Okajima2, Arvind Raman3

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. yu.efremov@gmail.com and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) advances now quantify cell and soft gel viscoelasticity. This review details AFM techniques, data analysis, and models for biological mechanical property characterization.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Mechanical properties are crucial at cellular, tissue, and organ levels in biology.
  • Changes in mechanical properties are linked to physiological processes and diseases.
  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a key tool for mechanical characterization of biological soft matter.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent AFM techniques for assessing viscoelastic properties of cells and soft gels.
  • To describe data acquisition and analysis protocols for AFM.
  • To discuss viscoelastic models used in biological sample characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of advanced atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques.
  • Description of data acquisition and analysis workflows.
  • Discussion of viscoelastic models applied to biological samples.

Main Results:

  • Recent AFM developments enable precise quantification of viscoelastic properties.
  • Established protocols facilitate consistent data acquisition and analysis.
  • Various viscoelastic models effectively characterize cellular and biological sample mechanics.

Conclusions:

  • AFM is a powerful and evolving tool for understanding biological mechanical properties.
  • Advanced techniques and models enhance the characterization of cellular and tissue mechanics.
  • Future directions in AFM aim to further refine the analysis of biological viscoelasticity.