Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development01:30

Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development

235
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
235
Piaget's Stage 3 of Cognitive Development01:17

Piaget's Stage 3 of Cognitive Development

916
During Piaget's concrete operational stage, from ages 7 to 11, children exhibit a marked increase in logical thinking skills, specifically in relation to tangible, real-world events. This stage is characterized by the development of several essential cognitive concepts, including conservation, reversibility, and classification, all of which support the child's evolving capacity for structured thought.
Conservation and Constancy of Quantity
A significant cognitive milestone in the...
916
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

911
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
911
Biological Influences on Intelligence01:30

Biological Influences on Intelligence

440
Intelligence is often thought to be linked to brain size, but the relationship is more complex than that. While brain size does correlate modestly with some abilities, like verbal skills, the connection is weaker for others, such as spatial reasoning. Other factors, like brain structure, also play crucial roles. For instance, despite Einstein's smaller-than-average brain, his parietal cortex, which is involved in spatial reasoning, was 15% wider, suggesting that neural density might matter...
440
Cognitive Development During Adolescence01:18

Cognitive Development During Adolescence

432
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
432
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

1.9K
The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cognitive bridge between geometric and numerical learning in monkeys.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

The evolution of quantitative sensitivity.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2021
Same author

Updated profiles of everyday executive function in youth with Down syndrome using the BRIEF-2.

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR·2021
Same author

Spatial concepts of number, size, and time in an indigenous culture.

Science advances·2021
Same author

Gauging facial feature viewing preference as a stable individual trait in autism spectrum disorder.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research·2021
Same author

Recursive sequence generation in monkeys, children, U.S. adults, and native Amazonians.

Science advances·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA
10:58

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA

Published on: August 28, 2021

4.9K

Gender similarities in the brain during mathematics development.

Alyssa J Kersey1,2, Kelsey D Csumitta1, Jessica F Cantlon1,3

  • 11Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.

NPJ Science of Learning
|November 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Boys and girls show similar brain activity when learning math, challenging biological explanations for gender disparities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) careers. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine neural processes in young children.

Keywords:
Human behaviourIntelligence

More Related Videos

EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
11:50

EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development

Published on: April 9, 2014

26.4K
Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
08:05

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Published on: June 30, 2020

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA
10:58

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA

Published on: August 28, 2021

4.9K
EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
11:50

EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development

Published on: April 9, 2014

26.4K
Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
08:05

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Published on: June 30, 2020

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Hypotheses suggest biological differences in math aptitude contribute to gender disparities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields.
  • Previous studies on gender and math performance are confounded by sociocultural influences, making it difficult to isolate biological factors.
  • Investigating early neural development is crucial for understanding the biological basis of gender and mathematics aptitude.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential gender differences in the neural processes underlying mathematics development in young children.
  • To examine the early biological underpinnings of mathematics aptitude and gender.
  • To provide empirical evidence regarding biological sex differences in children's mathematical neural functioning.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity in 3-10-year-old children.
  • Children viewed naturalistic mathematics education videos during fMRI scanning.
  • Both frequentist and Bayesian statistical analyses were employed to assess gender similarities and differences in neural processes.

Main Results:

  • Across all analyses, significant gender similarities were observed in the neural functioning of boys and girls during mathematics development.
  • The findings indicate that both genders engage the same neural systems when processing mathematical content.
  • No significant gender differences in the neural engagement related to mathematics were detected.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides evidence against biological differences in mathematics aptitude as an explanation for gender disparities in STEM.
  • Boys and girls utilize similar neural pathways for mathematical development.
  • Sociocultural factors likely play a more significant role in observed gender differences in STEM participation than biological predispositions.