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Overview of Exosomes

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Exosomal miRNA Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer NSCLC Patients' Plasma Through qPCR: A Feasible Liquid Biopsy Tool

Exosomal miRNA Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer NSCLC Patients' Plasma Through qPCR: A Feasible Liquid Biopsy Tool

Published on: May 27, 2016

Chimeric RNA and Exosomes-Based Liquid Biopsy.

Xiurong Ke^1,2, Xiao Xiong¹, Yusheng Lin^1,3

¹Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|November 16, 2019

Summary

Chimeric RNA in exosomes from patient fluids can be detected using a novel RT-qPCR method. This approach offers a new strategy for disease diagnosis by analyzing exosome biomarkers.

Keywords:

Disease diagnosis Exosomal chimeric RNA Exosome extraction and purification Liquid biopsy RT-qPCR

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Last Updated: Jan 3, 2026

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Published on: May 27, 2016

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Exosomes are recognized as valuable sources of disease biomarkers due to their stability and cargo of genetic material and proteins.
Previous research has shown that chimeric RNA within exosomes from patient fluids can be detected and utilized for disease diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a systematic methodology for isolating exosomes from various body fluids.
To establish a reliable RT-qPCR (reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction) strategy for detecting specific chimeric RNA expression within these exosomes.

Main Methods:

Isolation of exosomes from patient body fluids using a standardized protocol.
RNA extraction from the isolated exosomes.
Detection and quantification of specific chimeric RNA sequences via RT-qPCR.

Main Results:

Successful isolation of exosomes from diverse body fluid samples.
Demonstration of the RT-qPCR strategy's efficacy in detecting target chimeric RNA.
Validation of the method for potential diagnostic applications.

Conclusions:

The described systematic method enables efficient exosome isolation and chimeric RNA detection.
This approach provides a robust tool for disease diagnosis based on exosomal RNA biomarkers.
Further application of this method can advance non-invasive diagnostic strategies.