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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

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Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Frequent Versus Infrequent Bathing in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Ivan D Cardona1, Erin E Kempe2, Christine Lary1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Portland, Maine.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice
|November 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Twice-daily soaking baths (wet method) significantly improved pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD) severity compared to twice-weekly baths (dry method). The wet method is a superior acute treatment for moderate-to-severe childhood AD.

Keywords:
Atopic dermatitisBathingBathsEczema

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Limited studies exist on bathing frequency for pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD).
  • Conflicting information on bathing practices causes parental frustration and confusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of twice-daily soaking baths with immediate moisturizer application (soak-and-seal, SS) versus twice-weekly SS baths for acute pediatric AD management.
  • To evaluate the "wet method" (WM) versus the "dry method" (DM) in managing moderate-to-severe pediatric AD.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, single-blind, crossover trial involved 42 children (6 months to 11 years) with moderate-to-severe AD.
  • Participants alternated between twice-weekly (DM) and twice-daily (WM) SS baths over two 2-week periods.
  • The primary outcome was AD severity measured by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index.

Main Results:

  • The wet method (WM) significantly decreased SCORAD by 21.2 points compared to the dry method (DM).
  • WM showed a greater than 30% SCORAD improvement versus DM.
  • Caregiver assessment (ADQ) also significantly improved with WM, decreasing by 5.8 points.

Conclusions:

  • Twice-daily soaking baths (wet method) are superior to twice-weekly baths (dry method) for acute management of moderate-to-severe pediatric AD.
  • The wet method effectively improves disease severity in children with AD.