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The Role of Biomarkers in Acute Kidney Injury
Nattachai Srisawat1, John A Kellum2
1Division of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand 3rd floor, Anantamahidol Building, Henri Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Center for Critical Care Nephrology, The CRISMA Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3347 Forbes Avenue, Suite 220, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Excellence Center for Critical Care Nephrology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, 1873 Rama IV Road, Khwaeng Pathum Wan, Khet Pathum Wan, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon 10330, Thailand; Critical Care Nephrology Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, 3rd floor, Anantamahidol Building, Henri Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Academic of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, 197 Rama 5 Road Khwaeng Dusit, Khet Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand; Tropical Medicine Cluster, Chulalongkorn University, 3rd floor, Anantamahidol Building, Henri Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Abstract:
Several biomarkers have been developed to detect acute kidney injury (AKI) and predict outcomes. Most AKI biomarkers have been shown to be expressed before serum creatinine and to be more sensitive and specific than urine output. Only a few studies have examined how implementation can change clinical outcomes. A second generation of AKI biomarkers have been developed. These markers, including tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) and insulinlike growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7), have obtained regulatory approval in many countries based on large, rigorous clinical studies and small, single-centered trials and have begun to establish clinical utility.
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