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Biomarkers of Immunosuppression
Abinav K Misra1, Mitchell M Levy1, Nicholas S Ward1
1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Physicians Office Building, Suite 224, 110 Lockwood street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
Critical Care Clinics
|November 18, 2019
Summary
Sepsis involves both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. Researchers are identifying biomarkers of immune suppression in sepsis to predict patient outcomes and guide therapy selection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Translational Research
Background:
- Sepsis is not solely a proinflammatory state; a counter anti-inflammatory response is common.
- The variability in timing and magnitude of this immunosuppressive response complicates treatment.
- Biologic markers like lymphocyte death and monocyte exhaustion characterize this state.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify reliable biomarkers for sepsis-induced immunosuppression.
- To predict patient outcomes based on individual immune status.
- To determine patient eligibility for immune-stimulatory therapies.
Main Methods:
- Review of animal and human studies identifying immune markers.
- Analysis of biologic responses including lymphocyte apoptosis, HLA receptor expression, and monocyte function.
- Correlation of identified markers with patient outcomes and treatment response.
Main Results:
- Specific biologic responses characterize sepsis-induced immunosuppression.
- Lymphocyte death, HLA receptor downregulation, and monocyte exhaustion are key markers.
- These markers show potential for predicting individual patient trajectories.
Conclusions:
- Sepsis involves complex immune dysregulation beyond inflammation.
- Identifying immunosuppressive markers is crucial for personalized sepsis management.
- Biomarkers can guide the use of novel immunomodulatory treatments in sepsis.
