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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers

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β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
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Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

218
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

264
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
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Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

1.1K
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
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Thyroid Abnormalities in Heart Failure.

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Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
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Thyroid Abnormalities in Heart Failure.

Sara Danzi1, Irwin Klein2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences and Geology, Queensborough Community College, City University of New York, 222-05 56th Avenue, Bayside, NY 11364, USA.

Heart Failure Clinics
|November 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thyroid dysfunction impacts heart health. Heart diseases can alter thyroid function, decreasing thyroid hormone levels (T3), presenting new challenges for treatment.

Keywords:
CardiacCardiovascularLow T(3) syndromeNonthyroidal illnessT(3)Thyroid hormoneTriiodothyronine

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Thyroidology

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones critically regulate cardiovascular function.
  • Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism significantly affect the heart and vasculature.
  • Various heart conditions are known to alter thyroid function tests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiologic mechanisms linking heart disease and altered thyroid function.
  • To discuss the clinical implications of decreased serum liothyronine (T3) in cardiac patients.
  • To explore potential novel therapeutic strategies arising from these interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of basic science research.
  • Analysis of clinical data on thyroid function in heart disease patients.
  • Synthesis of evidence supporting the T3 alteration hypothesis.

Main Results:

  • Thyroid dysfunction profoundly impacts cardiac structure and function.
  • Conditions like congenital, hypertensive, ischemic heart disease, and post-cardiac surgery/transplant are associated with reduced T3 levels.
  • These alterations represent significant pathophysiologic challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Altered thyroid function, particularly decreased T3, is a common finding in various heart diseases.
  • Understanding these thyroid-cardiac interactions is crucial for patient management.
  • Further research into novel therapeutic interventions targeting these pathways is warranted.