Long-term Complications of Pulmonary Embolism: Which Is the Optimal Follow-Up?

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is associated with substantial long-term morbidity that extends past initial diagnosis. Patients diagnosed with PE face risks of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, post-PE syndrome, recurrent venous thromboembolism, psychological distress, and impaired quality of life. Optimal follow-up is critical for early recognition and intervention. This article synthesizes contemporary evidence, including guideline recommendations, registry data, and recent clinical studies. The aim of this article is to outline a structured approach to PE follow-up, addressing who should be monitored, when, and with which modalities.