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Evidence for Gain Reduction by a Precursor in an On-Frequency Forward Masking Paradigm.

Elizabeth A Strickland¹, William B Salloom¹, Erica L Hegland¹

¹Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue Univ, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States.

Acta Acustica United with Acustica : the Journal of the European Acoustics Association (EEIG)

|November 19, 2019

Summary

A precursor sound unexpectedly increased the masker level needed to mask a signal, suggesting complex cochlear processing beyond simple masking additivity. This finding challenges current auditory masking theories.

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Area of Science:

Auditory Neuroscience
Psychoacoustics

Background:

The medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) is implicated in modulating cochlear gain.
Forward masking is a technique used to assess auditory processing and efferent system activity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate cochlear gain reduction using a forward masking paradigm.
To examine the effect of a precursor sound on forward masking and its relation to MOCR.

Main Methods:

A 4-kHz signal at 20 dB SL was used.
An on-frequency forward masker was adjusted to the signal's threshold.
A pink noise precursor was introduced before the signal and masker.

Main Results:

The precursor significantly increased the masker level required to mask the signal.
This increase contradicted predictions based on the additivity of masking principle.
The observed pattern resembled threshold increases seen with off-frequency maskers after a precursor.

Conclusions:

The results suggest a more complex interaction in auditory masking than simple additivity.
The findings may provide insights into the mechanisms underlying cochlear gain control, potentially involving the MOCR.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of precursors and efferent activity in auditory perception.