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Q Fever and Kingella kingae Endocarditis in a Toddler: A Rare Coinfection Case

Shelly Kagan1, Itzhak Levy2,3, Liat Ashkenazi-Hoffnung1,2,3

  • 1From the Department of Pediatrics B.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|November 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

A toddler with a history of tetralogy of Fallot repair developed endocarditis caused by Kingella kingae and Coxiella burnetii coinfection. This rare dual infection required both medical and surgical treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Tetralogy of Fallot repair in infancy can predispose patients to cardiac complications.
  • Endocarditis is a serious infection of the heart lining or valves.
  • Coinfections present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Observation:

  • A toddler, post-tetralogy of Fallot graft repair, presented with endocarditis.
  • Blood cultures identified Kingella kingae, and serology indicated Coxiella burnetii infection.
  • A postoperative specimen confirmed the coinfection via polymerase chain reaction.

Findings:

  • The patient had a confirmed coinfection with Kingella kingae and Coxiella burnetii.
  • The infection occurred in a young child with a history of congenital heart disease repair.
  • Combined medical and surgical interventions were necessary for treatment.

Implications:

  • Highlights the possibility of rare coinfections in pediatric endocarditis.
  • Emphasizes the importance of thorough patient history in diagnosing unusual pathogens.
  • Suggests vigilance for atypical pathogens in immunocompromised or post-surgical patients.

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