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Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Preparation and Characterization of Graphene-Based 3D Biohybrid Hydrogel Bioink for Peripheral Neuroengineering
Published on: May 16, 2022
Graphene quantum dot cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose nanocomposite hydrogel for pH-sensitive oral anticancer
Rasul Rakhshaei1, Hassan Namazi2, Hamed Hamishehkar3
1Research Laboratory of Dendrimers and Nanopolymers, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 51666, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract:
Herein, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were introduced as a novel and safe crosslinker for carboxymethyl cellulose to make biodegradable and biocompatible hydrogels. The casting was used as a simple method for the preparation of the CMC/GQDs films. Effects of the GQDs percentage on the physicochemical properties of the films were studied, and several characterizations were performed including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, gas permeability, and mechanical testing analysis. The CMC/GQDs showed a pH-sensitive swelling and degradation with improved tensile strength. Fluorescent properties were also studied to evaluate the potential of the prepared CMC/GQDs nanocomposite for fluorescent bioimaging applications. Drug delivery property of the CMC-GQDs were studied using doxorubicin (DOX) as a model anticancer drug. Cytotoxicity studies were carried out using human colon adenocarcinoma HT29 cells. The prepared CMC/GQDs exhibited biocompatibility and pH-sensitive drug delivery behavior which proposed the prepared nanocomposite hydrogel has the potential to be used as a pH-triggered site-specific drug delivery system.

