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Related Concept Videos

Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

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Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
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Fatigue Strength of Concrete01:22

Fatigue Strength of Concrete

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Fatigue, in the context of materials science and engineering, refers to the weakening or failure of a material caused by repeatedly applied loads, even if these loads are below the strength limit of the material. Fatigue strength in concrete is a critical property that influences its durability and longevity. Concrete can fail in two ways due to fatigue. Static fatigue or creep rupture occurs under a constant load or one that increases slowly. The other failure mode is due to cyclical or...
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Design Consideration01:22

Design Consideration

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Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
The factor of safety is another key...
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Stresses under Combined Loadings01:23

Stresses under Combined Loadings

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When analyzing a bent tube with a circular cross-section subjected to multiple forces, it is crucial to determine the stress distribution in order to maintain structural integrity under varied load conditions.
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
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Bearing Stress01:22

Bearing Stress

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Bearing stress refers to the contact pressure between two separate bodies. To visualize this, imagine a bolt thrust through a plate. The bolt applies a force to the plate, which exerts an equal but opposite force back onto the bolt. This force isn't just a singular entity but a compilation of numerous smaller forces distributed across the contact surface between the bolt and the plate.
Due to the intricacy of these microforces, an average value, known as bearing stress, is often used by...
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Unsymmetric Loading of Thin-Walled Members01:23

Unsymmetric Loading of Thin-Walled Members

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Thin-walled members with non-symmetrical cross-sections are vital to engineering structures, offering material efficiency and structural integrity. However, unsymmetrical loading on these members leads to complex stress distributions, resulting in simultaneous bending and twisting can cause deformation or structural failure. The interaction between bending and twisting requires detailed analysis to ensure structural resilience.
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Bone-inspired microarchitectures achieve enhanced fatigue life.

Ashley M Torres1,2, Adwait A Trikanad3, Cameron A Aubin1

  • 1Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.

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Microarchitectured materials

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Microarchitectured materials leverage geometry for superior mechanical properties.
  • Durability in cyclic loading is crucial for applications of lightweight materials.
  • Natural materials like cancellous bone offer models for high-performance designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of microarchitecture on fatigue resistance in materials.
  • To identify microstructural traits that enhance fatigue life without compromising stiffness or strength.
  • To explore the potential of sacrificial elements in improving material durability.

Main Methods:

  • Additive manufacturing used to create models of microarchitectured materials.
  • Fatigue testing conducted on cancellous bone and synthetic microlattice structures.
  • Analysis of microstructural effects on stress-life (S-N) curves, incorporating transverse material proportion (ψ).

Main Results:

  • Transverse material orientation significantly increases fatigue life (10-100x in models, 5-9x in lattices) with minimal density/stiffness changes.
  • Transversely oriented struts act as sacrificial elements, enhancing fatigue resistance.
  • A normalized stress metric (stress/√ψ) empirically describes fatigue behavior in bone and lattices.

Conclusions:

  • Microarchitectural design, specifically transverse element orientation, is a key factor in fatigue life.
  • Optimizing microarchitecture for fatigue resistance has implications for durable devices and bone health (e.g., osteoporosis).
  • Aligning structural elements with load enhances performance but can reduce fatigue life.