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Mindfulness-Based Interventions for University Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised

Anna F Dawson1, William W Brown2, Joanna Anderson1

  • 1University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

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Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) show promise for reducing university student distress and anxiety. However, more high-quality research is needed to confirm their effectiveness across various mental health outcomes.

Keywords:
meta-analysismindfulnessstudentssystematic reviewuniversity

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Education

Background:

  • University students report a growing need for mental health services.
  • Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly used in university stress-reduction programs.
  • This study systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on MBIs for student mental and physical health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze RCTs evaluating the effects of MBIs on university students' mental and physical health.
  • To assess the efficacy of MBIs compared to passive and active controls.
  • To examine the durability of MBI effects and potential moderators.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of 51 RCTs.
  • Searched nine databases and grey literature, with data extracted by two independent reviewers.
  • Assessed MBI effects on various mental and physical health outcomes, including distress, anxiety, depression, and well-being.

Main Results:

  • MBIs significantly improved distress, anxiety, depression, well-being, rumination, and mindfulness compared to passive controls.
  • No significant benefits were observed for blood pressure, sleep, life satisfaction, resilience, worry, or thought suppression.
  • Effects on distress and mindfulness persisted beyond three months, but evidence for self-compassion was inconclusive. Comparisons with active controls showed mixed results.

Conclusions:

  • MBIs may offer benefits for university students' mental health, particularly for distress and anxiety.
  • The overall quality of existing RCTs is often high risk of bias.
  • Further high-quality research is recommended to confirm and expand upon these findings.