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Mindfulness-Based Programmes for Work Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) show potential for improving employee and student task performance, especially when compared to no intervention. However, evidence quality is very low, requiring cautious interpretation of these work performance benefits.

Keywords:
meta‐analysismindfulnesssystematic reviewwork performance

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health Psychology
  • Evidence Synthesis
  • Organizational Behavior

Background:

  • Global employers and universities invest in mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) to enhance employee and student work performance.
  • Evidence supporting the efficacy of MBPs in occupational and academic settings remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide the highest quality synthesis of MBPs' impact on work performance in academic and occupational settings.
  • To evaluate MBPs' effects on primary outcomes (task performance) and secondary outcomes (contextual, adaptive performance, counter-productive behavior).

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of 99 studies (N=16,054) were conducted, searching eight databases.
  • Two independent reviewers selected studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias.
  • Pairwise random-effects meta-analyses were performed to synthesize findings.

Main Results:

  • MBPs significantly improved task performance compared to passive control groups (Hedges' g=0.25, p=0.01).
  • No significant improvement in task performance was observed compared to active control groups (Hedges' g=0.12, p=0.43).
  • MBPs positively impacted adaptive and contextual performance, with potential lasting effects.

Conclusions:

  • MBPs may offer benefits for task, adaptive, and contextual performance in work and academic settings.
  • The overall confidence in the review's findings, assessed by GRADE, is very low.
  • Further high-quality research is needed to confirm the efficacy of MBPs for work performance enhancement.