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Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

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Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
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Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
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Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
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Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
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Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
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Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
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Luminescence Lifetime Imaging of O2 with a Frequency-Domain-Based Camera System
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Oxygen-Sensitive Layered MoTe2 Channels for Environmental Detection.

Shih-Hsien Yang1, Che-Yi Lin2, Yuan-Ming Chang

  • 1International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|November 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Multilayered molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) channels show resistance changes with oxygen (O2) levels. Joule heating enables repeatable oxygen detection, indicating MoTe2

Keywords:
MoTe2O2 indexlayered electronicsoxygen detectionrepeatable

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanoscience
  • Chemical Sensing

Background:

  • Molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) is a layered material with unique electronic properties.
  • Oxygen (O2) significantly influences the electrical characteristics of semiconductor materials.
  • Understanding O2 interactions is crucial for developing novel electronic devices and sensors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the oxygen-dependent resistance changes in multilayered MoTe2 channels.
  • To explore the potential of MoTe2 field-effect transistors for oxygen sensing applications.
  • To characterize the effect of Joule heating on oxygen interaction with MoTe2.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and characterization of multilayered MoTe2 field-effect transistors.
  • Measurement of channel resistance variations in response to different oxygen concentrations.
  • Application of Joule heating to induce and study oxygen desorption and re-adsorption.

Main Results:

  • A reproducible 'O2 index' based on channel resistance was established to quantify relative oxygen content.
  • Joule heating drastically reduced the O2 index from 100% to 12.1% in back gate modulation.
  • Effective oxygen desorption from the MoTe2 surface was observed due to Joule heating, enabling repeatable detection.

Conclusions:

  • Multilayered MoTe2 channels exhibit significant oxygen-dependent electrical properties.
  • Joule heating facilitates reversible oxygen interaction, crucial for sensor reset and reusability.
  • MoTe2 channels show promise as a viable material for environmental oxygen sensing.