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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

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Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
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Beck's Cognitive Therapy01:25

Beck's Cognitive Therapy

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Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
Arbitrary Inference
Arbitrary inference involves making conclusions without sufficient...
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Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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Metacognitive and cognitive-behavioral interventions for psychosis: new developments
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Steffen Moritz1, Jan Philipp Klein2, Paul H Lysaker3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
|November 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This review examines four cognitive therapies for schizophrenia: cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp), metacognitive therapy, metacognitive training, and MERIT. Evidence supports CBTp and metacognitive training, with emerging support for MERIT and metacognitive therapy in treating psychosis.

Keywords:
cognitive-behavioral therapymetacognitionmetacognitive therapymetacognitive trainingpsychosisschizophrenia

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Schizophrenia treatment often involves addressing cognitive deficits.
  • Metacognition, or 'cognition about cognition,' is a key concept in understanding thought processes.
  • Several cognitive approaches have been developed to target metacognitive deficits in schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare four distinct cognitive approaches for schizophrenia treatment.
  • To highlight the theoretical underpinnings of each approach, particularly their relationship to metacognition.
  • To summarize the current evidence for the efficacy of these interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cognitive therapies for schizophrenia.
  • Focus on four specific approaches: CBTp, metacognitive therapy, metacognitive training, and MERIT.
  • Analysis of theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence for each therapy.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) and metacognitive training show meta-analytic support for efficacy.
  • Metacognitive therapy and metacognitive reflection insight therapy (MERIT) have evidence from single studies.
  • Each therapy targets different facets of metacognition, from beliefs to self-identity.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive therapies offer diverse strategies for schizophrenia treatment.
  • CBTp and metacognitive training are empirically supported, with growing evidence for MERIT and metacognitive therapy.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the effectiveness of these metacognitive interventions.