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Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review
Mohammad Morshedi1, Reza Hashemi2, Sara Moazzen3
1Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Md.morshedi@yahoo.com.
Abstract:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and autoimmune neurological disorder which leads to demyelination. Although the etiology of MS is yet to be known, it appears that regulating the immune system and suppressing inflammatory pathways may possibly have a favorable effect on the healing of this disease. Evidence suggests that probiotics consumption via gut microbiome alteration devises beneficial effects in improving immune and inflammatory responses in MS. All articles were systematically searched (in the main databases) for this paper. Two investigators independently scrutinized full texts of the potentially eligible articles. The quality of the study was evaluated using standardized tools. The methodological quality of seven studies included in this review ranged from fair to good. The findings illustrated that there were statistically significant improvements in the static and dynamic balance in patients and animals with MS. In the paper in hand, the effects of probiotics administration on immune and inflammatory markers in MS disease are evaluated. In addition, the limitations and knowledge gaps were reported while proposing a possible mechanism of probiotics therapy in modulating immune and inflammatory responses. This systematic review indicated that the probiotics could improve immune and inflammatory parameters, the cytokines and cells in MS disease. Probiotics may have efficient effects in management and treatment of MS. More studies are required to clarify the effect of supplementation with probiotics and their mechanisms in MS disease.
Insights
Probiotics show promise in managing multiple sclerosis (MS) by improving immune and inflammatory responses. Further research is needed to confirm these beneficial effects and understand the mechanisms involved in MS treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Gastroenterology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune neurological disorder characterized by demyelination.
- The exact etiology of MS remains unknown, but immune system regulation and anti-inflammatory strategies show therapeutic potential.
- Emerging evidence suggests probiotics may positively influence immune and inflammatory responses in MS through gut microbiome modulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of probiotics on immune and inflammatory markers in multiple sclerosis (MS).
- To explore the potential mechanisms of probiotic therapy in modulating immune and inflammatory responses in MS.
- To identify limitations and knowledge gaps in current research on probiotics for MS.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of relevant articles was conducted across major scientific databases.
- Two independent investigators screened full texts of eligible studies and assessed study quality using standardized tools.
- Seven studies with methodological quality ranging from fair to good were included in the review.
Main Results:
- Probiotics administration demonstrated statistically significant improvements in static and dynamic balance in both MS patients and animal models.
- The review indicated that probiotics can positively modulate immune and inflammatory parameters, including cytokines and immune cells, in MS.
- Probiotics may offer beneficial effects in the management and treatment of multiple sclerosis.
Conclusions:
- Probiotics show potential as an effective intervention for managing multiple sclerosis by improving key immune and inflammatory markers.
- Further rigorous studies are necessary to elucidate the precise mechanisms of probiotic action and confirm their therapeutic efficacy in MS.
- Probiotic supplementation warrants further investigation for its role in the comprehensive treatment strategy for multiple sclerosis.
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