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Recognizing and treating atypical Parkinson disorders.

Melissa J Armstrong1, Nikolaus McFarland1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|November 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Atypical Parkinson disorders, though less common than Parkinson's disease, require distinct diagnosis and treatment. Advances in understanding pathophysiology are driving new diagnostics and therapies for these complex conditions.

Keywords:
Atypical parkinsonismCorticobasal degenerationCorticobasal syndromeDementia with Lewy bodiesMultiple system atrophyProgressive supranuclear palsy

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Atypical Parkinson disorders (Parkinson-plus) include dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration.
  • These conditions are less common than Parkinson's disease (PD) but are increasingly recognized.
  • They are multisystem disorders that typically progress faster and respond less effectively to PD therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical approach to atypical Parkinson disorders.
  • To discuss recent developments in diagnostic and research criteria for these conditions.
  • To highlight advances in understanding their pathophysiology, leading to novel diagnostics and therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and diagnostic advancements.
  • Analysis of current research criteria and diagnostic approaches.
  • Synthesis of recent findings on disease-modifying therapeutics.

Main Results:

  • Atypical Parkinson disorders present unique clinical challenges requiring differentiation from PD.
  • Phenotypic heterogeneity and evolving pathophysiological understanding are key considerations.
  • New diagnostic criteria and therapeutic targets are emerging.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis and differentiation of atypical Parkinson disorders from PD are crucial.
  • Understanding the underlying pathophysiology is essential for developing effective treatments.
  • Ongoing research holds promise for improved diagnostics and disease-modifying therapies for Parkinson-plus conditions.