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Edible Vaccines: Promises and Challenges.

Vrinda M Kurup1, Jaya Thomas2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Healthcare, Education & Research, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.

Molecular Biotechnology
|November 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Edible vaccines, developed using genetically modified plants, offer a safer and cost-effective alternative to traditional vaccines. These plant-based vaccines stimulate immune responses and represent a promising new approach to disease prevention.

Keywords:
BiopharmaceuticalsEdible vaccineGenetically modified plantsMolecular farmingMucosal immunityOral immunization

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Immunology
  • Plant Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Traditional vaccines, while crucial for disease prevention, can present risks.
  • Vaccines stimulate the immune system by introducing antigens, often using weakened or killed pathogens.
  • Genetic modification has enabled the development of novel vaccine production methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and describe the concept of edible vaccines produced from genetically modified plants.
  • To explain the mechanism of action and potential benefits of edible vaccines.
  • To highlight the challenges and future prospects of edible vaccine technology.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporating genes encoding disease-causing antigens into plant cells.
  • Utilizing genetic engineering techniques to create transgenic plants for vaccine production.
  • Developing edible vaccines for both veterinary and human applications.

Main Results:

  • Edible vaccines activate both systemic and mucosal immunity against specific pathogens.
  • Plant-based vaccine production offers a cost-effective, efficient, and safe alternative.
  • Transgenic plants successfully express immunogenic properties of disease-causing agents.

Conclusions:

  • Edible vaccines represent a significant advancement in vaccine technology, masking risks associated with conventional vaccines.
  • Widespread acceptance and societal awareness are crucial for the successful implementation of edible vaccines.
  • Edible vaccines hold great promise for future disease prevention strategies due to their safety and efficacy.