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Published on: January 11, 2019
Neuro-ultrasonography.
Ryan Hakimi1, Andrei V Alexandrov2, Zsolt Garami3
1Director, Neuro ICU, Inpatient Neurology, and TCD Services, Greenville Memorial Hospital, Prisma Health-Upstate, University of South Carolina School of Medicine-Greenville, 200 Patewood Drive, Suite B350, Greenville, SC 29615, USA.
Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) offers a noninvasive method to assess blood flow in the brain. This portable tool aids in detecting emboli, evaluating stenosis, and monitoring treatment effectiveness for various cardiovascular conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Medicine
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is a noninvasive, portable tool for assessing cerebral hemodynamics.
- Modern TCD devices enable continuous, hands-free emboli detection for risk stratification and treatment efficacy assessment in cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the utility of Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography in evaluating cerebral hemodynamics.
- To discuss the applications of TCD in diagnosing cerebrovascular conditions and guiding treatment.
Main Methods:
- Assessment of TCD waveforms to determine prestenotic and poststenotic mean flow velocities.
- Utilizing TCD for screening vasospasm in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
- Intraoperative TCD monitoring during carotid endarterectomy and stenting.
Main Results:
- TCD effectively identifies focal stenosis and arterial occlusion.
- TCD allows monitoring of treatment effects, such as with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator.
- TCD serves as an excellent screening tool for vasospasm.
Conclusions:
- Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography is a versatile, noninvasive tool for assessing cerebral hemodynamics.
- TCD plays a crucial role in risk stratification, diagnosis, and hemodynamic management in various cerebrovascular conditions.
- Further applications of TCD in clinical practice are discussed.
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