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Posterior microphthalmos with good visual acuity: A case report.

Miharu Mihara¹, Atsushi Hayashi¹, Toshihiko Oiwake¹

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

|November 26, 2019

Summary

Early aggressive amblyopia treatment can lead to normal visual acuity in children with posterior microphthalmos, even with abnormal foveal structure. This case highlights the potential for good visual outcomes with timely intervention.

Keywords:

Amblyopia Fovea Hyperopia Hypoplasia OCT Posterior microphthalmos

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Pediatric Ophthalmology
Developmental Biology

Background:

Posterior microphthalmos is a condition often associated with high hyperopia and abnormal foveal development.
Subnormal visual acuity is common in posterior microphthalmos due to structural anomalies like absent foveal pits.

Observation:

A case study of an 11-year-old boy with posterior microphthalmos and high hyperopia is presented.
Initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was poor, but improved significantly after wearing hyperopic glasses for eight years.
Optical coherence tomography revealed no foveal pit but showed outer retinal layer changes.

Findings:

Despite an abnormal foveal structure (no foveal pit), the patient achieved normal, age-appropriate visual acuity (20/16 OD, 20/20 OS).
Aggressive amblyopia treatment and correction of high hyperopia were key factors in visual development.

Implications:

This case suggests that early and intensive amblyopia treatment can overcome structural foveal abnormalities in posterior microphthalmos.
It emphasizes the importance of proactive management in achieving optimal visual outcomes in pediatric patients with this condition.