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Validation of the RayStation Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm using a realistic lung phantom.

Andries N Schreuder1, Daniel S Bridges1, Lauren Rigsby1

  • 1Provision Center for Proton Therapy - Knoxville, 6450 Provision Cares Way, Knoxville, TN, 37909, USA.

Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics
|November 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm offers superior accuracy for proton therapy lung cancer treatment planning compared to the analytical pencil beam (APB) algorithm. This study validates MC

Keywords:
Monte Carlocharged particle therapylungpencil beam scanningpencil-beam algorithmradiation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Dosimetry

Background:

  • Accurate dose calculation is critical for effective proton therapy, especially in complex tissues like the lung.
  • Analytical pencil beam (APB) algorithms are widely used but may have limitations in heterogeneous environments.
  • Monte Carlo (MC) simulations offer a more detailed approach to dose calculation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy of RaySearch's analytical pencil beam (APB) and Monte Carlo (MC) algorithms for proton therapy dose calculations.
  • To validate clinical accuracy using a novel animal tissue lung phantom.
  • To assess the impact of algorithm choice on dose delivery in lung targets.

Main Methods:

  • A realistic lung phantom was constructed using lamb tissue and cork slabs.
  • Proton therapy plans (single and two-field) were delivered to the phantom.
  • Dose measurements were compared against APB and MC calculated doses using an ion chamber array.

Main Results:

  • MC algorithm achieved significantly higher gamma index pass rates (99.1% and 92%) compared to APB (74.5% and 85.3%) for distal dose comparisons.
  • APB calculations resulted in significant underdosing (up to 46%) in distal lung target regions.
  • MC calculations reduced discrepancies to less than 18% and 7% for single and two-field plans, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • The RayStation MC algorithm demonstrates superior accuracy over the APB algorithm for proton therapy in lung targets.
  • Clinicians should be aware of APB algorithm limitations in lung tissue and verify doses.
  • The MC algorithm is recommended for planning proton therapy in lung cancer patients due to its reliability and accuracy.