Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

61.3K
Overview
61.3K
Peroxisomes01:24

Peroxisomes

19.8K
Peroxisomes are specialized organelles present in fungi, plant, and animal cells. It can vary in number, size, morphology, and activity depending on the type of tissue and the nutritional state of the cell. For example, cells with active lipid metabolism, such as adipocytes, neurons, and hepatocytes, have more peroxisomes than other cells in the body. Besides their primary role in breaking down complex organic molecules, peroxisomes can also synthesize specific macromolecules and participate in...
19.8K
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

15.8K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
15.8K
Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

4.6K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
4.6K
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

15.7K
The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
15.7K
Phase I Oxidative Reactions: Overview01:19

Phase I Oxidative Reactions: Overview

664
Phase I biotransformation, or functionalization, is a crucial chemical process that converts drugs and other xenobiotics into more water-soluble forms, facilitating expulsion from the body. It involves oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic reactions that add or unveil polar functional groups on lipophilic substrates. Key players in phase I reactions are the mixed-function oxidases. Situated in liver cell microsomes, these enzymes predominantly carry out drug metabolism. They require molecular...
664

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Friend or foe? IFNλ drives fibrosis.

The Journal of experimental medicine·2026
Same author

Using human genetic variation to estimate the effect of lipoprotein(a) lowering on pregnancy outcomes.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

A glycan-based adjuvant expands the breadth and duration of protection of mRNA-based vaccines.

Nature immunology·2026
Same author

NAStructuralDB : structural database to facilitate computational studies of molecular modeling and recognition of proteins with special focus on antibody-antigen interactions.

mAbs·2026
Same author

Chronic sensing of host-derived lipids is an all-in-one signal that primes and activates NLRP3.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Accurate and reliable detection of clonal hematopoiesis in plasma cell-free DNA.

Blood advances·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

In vivo Imaging Method to Distinguish Acute and Chronic Inflammation
07:10

In vivo Imaging Method to Distinguish Acute and Chronic Inflammation

Published on: August 16, 2013

20.7K

Endogenous oxidized phospholipids reprogram cellular metabolism and boost hyperinflammation.

Marco Di Gioia1, Roberto Spreafico2, James R Springstead3

  • 1Division of Immunology and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Nature Immunology
|November 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), like oxidized phospholipids, reprogram macrophage metabolism, promoting hyperinflammation. Targeting these metabolic shifts may reduce inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.

More Related Videos

Metabolic Characterization of Polarized M1 and M2 Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis
07:45

Metabolic Characterization of Polarized M1 and M2 Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis

Published on: November 28, 2015

36.4K
Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation
07:46

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

Published on: April 3, 2017

25.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 3, 2026

In vivo Imaging Method to Distinguish Acute and Chronic Inflammation
07:10

In vivo Imaging Method to Distinguish Acute and Chronic Inflammation

Published on: August 16, 2013

20.7K
Metabolic Characterization of Polarized M1 and M2 Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis
07:45

Metabolic Characterization of Polarized M1 and M2 Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis

Published on: November 28, 2015

36.4K
Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation
07:46

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

Published on: April 3, 2017

25.8K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Metabolic pathways
  • Inflammation

Background:

  • Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) link inflammatory gene expression to macrophage metabolism.
  • Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) also induce inflammatory gene expression.
  • The metabolic impact of DAMPs compared to PAMPs remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether DAMPs, specifically oxidized phospholipid oxPAPC, induce similar metabolic shifts in macrophages as PAMPs.
  • To determine the role of these metabolic changes in inflammatory responses and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Macrophage cultures stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or oxPAPC.
  • Metabolic analysis of glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, and key metabolite levels.
  • In vivo studies in hypercholesterolemic mice and analysis of human subjects.
  • Assessment of atherosclerotic plaque formation and drug intervention.

Main Results:

  • Macrophages exposed to oxPAPC utilized mitochondrial respiration and glutamine metabolism, unlike LPS-activated cells relying solely on glycolysis.
  • OxPAPC promoted oxaloacetate accumulation, enhancing interleukin-1β production and hyperinflammation.
  • Similar metabolic adaptations were observed in hypercholesterolemic mice and humans.
  • Intervention targeting oxPAPC-driven metabolism reduced atherosclerotic plaque formation in mice.

Conclusions:

  • Self-encoded DAMPs like oxPAPC significantly alter macrophage metabolism, contributing to hyperinflammation.
  • Metabolic reprogramming by DAMPs is a key driver in inflammatory conditions.
  • Targeting DAMP-mediated metabolic pathways offers a potential therapeutic strategy for diseases like atherosclerosis.