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Invasive infections by non-vaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae: a growing threat

Lorena Rodríguez-Muñoz1, Fortino Solórzano-Santos2, Edgar A Flores-Reyes1

  • 1Hospital Del Niño Dr. Federico Gómez Santos, Saltillo, Coah. México.

Boletin Medico Del Hospital Infantil De Mexico
|November 27, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PCV13 reduced disease cases in Mexican children. However, invasive pneumococcal disease is increasing due to serotypes not covered by the PCV13 vaccine.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was implemented in Mexico for children under 5.
  • PCV13 effectively reduced invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by vaccine-included serotypes.
  • A concerning trend of serotype replacement has been observed following widespread PCV13 use.

Observation:

  • This report details three pediatric cases of IPD in Saltillo, Coahuila, between 2015 and 2018.
  • Patients presented with meningitis, bacteremia, and pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes not included in PCV13 (15C and 35B).
  • One case of pneumonia complicated with effusion.

Findings:

  • Invasive pneumococcal disease caused by non-PCV13 serotypes is emerging in pediatric populations.
  • Serotype 15C was associated with meningitis and bacteremia.
  • Serotype 35B was linked to pneumonia, including a complicated effusion case.

Implications:

  • The findings highlight the need for ongoing surveillance of pneumococcal serotypes.
  • Current vaccination strategies may require updates to address emerging non-vaccine serotypes.
  • This phenomenon of serotype replacement is a global concern impacting vaccine efficacy and public health strategies.
Keywords:
Complicated pneumoniaConjugate vaccinesMeningitisNeumonía complicadaReemplazo de serotiposSerotype replacementStreptococcus pneumoniaeVacunas conjugadas

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