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Postmortem interval determination using mRNA markers and DNA normalization.

Duo Peng1, Meili Lv1, Zhilong Li1

  • 1Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.

International Journal of Legal Medicine
|November 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) quantity correlates with postmortem interval (PMI). Specific mRNA markers, like hypoxia-associated factor (HAF), show promise for estimating PMI in forensic investigations.

Keywords:
DNA and RNA coextractionDegradationPMI estimationmRNA markers

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Accurate postmortem interval (PMI) determination is crucial for criminal investigations but remains challenging.
  • Previous studies on RNA degradation and PMI have yielded inconsistent results, necessitating further investigation.
  • Investigating mRNA quantity as a potential biomarker for PMI is essential for improving forensic methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if mRNA quantity correlates with postmortem interval (PMI).
  • To evaluate specific mRNA markers associated with hypoxia and apoptosis for PMI estimation.
  • To establish mathematical models for PMI determination using mRNA markers and tissue types.

Main Methods:

  • Coextraction of DNA and RNA from mouse heart and brain tissues across a 0-48 hour PMI.
  • Quantification of mRNA markers (HAF, AIF, HIF2a, FIH) using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR).
  • Normalization of mRNA levels using Caspase-3 DNA and 18S rRNA.

Main Results:

  • Degradation of HIF2a, AIF, and FIH mRNA in heart and brain tissues correlated with PMI when normalized with Caspase-3 DNA.
  • HIF2a mRNA degradation in brain tissue correlated with PMI when normalized with 18S rRNA.
  • Hypoxia-associated factor (HAF) mRNA quantity increased postmortem in brain tissue, showing significant correlation with PMI.

Conclusions:

  • mRNA quantity is a viable indicator for postmortem interval (PMI) determination.
  • Caspase-3 DNA normalization is feasible for PMI estimation.
  • Established mathematical models require further validation in human tissues for forensic application.