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Semi-Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells with ITO Directly Sputtered on Spiro-OMeTAD for Tandem Applications.
Alexander J Bett1, Kristina M Winkler1, Martin Bivour1
1Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE , Heidenhofstrasse 2 , 79110 Freiburg , Germany.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|November 28, 2019
Summary
Researchers developed semi-transparent perovskite solar cells using tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) contacts. Optimizing sputtering parameters, particularly low temperature, enhanced device performance for potential perovskite-silicon tandem applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Renewable Energy
- Photovoltaics
Background:
- Single-junction solar cells face efficiency limitations.
- Perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells offer a path to higher efficiencies.
- Semi-transparent perovskite top cells require transparent conductive contacts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the direct sputtering of tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) on Spiro-OMeTAD for semi-transparent perovskite solar cells.
- To optimize ITO sputtering parameters (power, temperature, pressure) for improved device performance.
- To assess the potential of these cells in a tandem configuration.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of semi-transparent perovskite solar cells in an n-i-p structure.
- Systematic variation of ITO sputtering parameters: temperature (50 °C), power, and pressure.
- Characterization of ITO layer properties (sheet resistance) and device performance (efficiency).
- Application of MgF2 antireflection coating.
Main Results:
- Low sputtering temperature (50 °C) was critical for device performance.
- Low sputter power had a minor effect, and increased chamber pressure had no influence.
- A 105 nm ITO layer achieved a sheet resistance of 44 Ω sq⁻¹.
- The best perovskite cell reached 14.8% efficiency, projecting to 24.2% in a tandem configuration.
Conclusions:
- Direct sputtering of ITO on Spiro-OMeTAD is a viable method for semi-transparent perovskite solar cells.
- Optimized sputtering conditions, especially low temperature, are essential for high performance.
- These cells show significant promise for enhancing perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell efficiencies.
