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4H-SiC microring resonators for nonlinear integrated photonics.

Yi Zheng, Minhao Pu, Ailun Yi

    Optics Letters
    |November 28, 2019
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    High-quality silicon carbide microring resonators achieve efficient four-wave mixing (FWM) with a -21.7 dB conversion efficiency. This advancement in silicon carbide-on-insulator waveguides paves the way for all-optical signal processing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science
    • Nonlinear Optics

    Background:

    • Four-wave mixing (FWM) is a key nonlinear optical process for wavelength conversion.
    • Silicon carbide (SiC) offers a high nonlinear refractive index, making it suitable for nonlinear photonic devices.
    • Microring resonators enhance light-matter interaction through power buildup.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate enhanced continuous-wave four-wave mixing (FWM) in 4H-silicon carbide (SiC) microring resonators.
    • To characterize the nonlinear properties of SiC-on-insulator (SiCOI) waveguides.
    • To explore the potential of SiCOI waveguides for all-optical signal processing.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of high-quality factor, high-confinement 4H-SiC microring resonators.
    • Utilizing the power buildup effect in microring resonators for FWM.
    • Characterizing nonlinear parameters (γ) and nonlinear refractive index (n2) in SiCOI waveguides.
    • Engineering waveguide dispersion for broad FWM bandwidth.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved -21.7 dB FWM conversion efficiency with 79 mW pump power.
    • Obtained a high nonlinear parameter (γ) of 7.4±0.9 W⁻¹m⁻¹ in SiCOI waveguides.
    • Estimated the nonlinear refractive index (n2) of 4H-SiC to be (6.0±0.6)×10⁻¹⁹ m²/W.
    • Demonstrated a 3 dB FWM conversion bandwidth exceeding 130 nm.

    Conclusions:

    • High-performance FWM is achievable in SiC microring resonators.
    • SiCOI waveguides exhibit strong light confinement and high nonlinearity, suitable for telecom applications.
    • Dispersion engineering enables broadband FWM, advancing all-optical signal processing capabilities.