[Evolution and miniaturization of percutaneous nephrolithotomy]

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was at first indicated for larger renal stones. Technological progress allowed a significant improvement of the available equipment, mostly to miniaturize the devices. However, this should not affect the stone clearance. Many different techniques arised aiming to reduce the complications of PCNL, in particular the risk of haemorrhage. As it becomes less invasive, the indications are greatly expanded, and a growing number of patients will benefit from it in the future. This explains the significance of knowing this procedure in continual development in greater detail.