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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

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Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
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Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

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Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
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Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin01:26

Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin

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Directly acting muscle relaxants like dantrolene and botulinum toxin (BoNT) have distinct mechanisms and applications. Dantrolene, a hydantoin derivative, acts on the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) in skeletal muscle cells. RYR1 are calcium channels present at the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. In response to excitation, they release calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Calcium promotes actin-myosin-mediated contraction of muscles.
The binding of dantrolene to the RYR1...
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A Battery of Motor Tests in a Neonatal Mouse Model of Cerebral Palsy
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Pediatric Neuromuscular Disorders.

Christopher Michel1, Christopher Collins2

  • 1Monmouth Medical Center, 300 2nd Avenue, Long Branch, NJ 07740, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|November 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuromuscular disorders impact patient quality of life and longevity. Treatments for conditions like cerebral palsy aim to prolong mobility and preserve walking ability.

Keywords:
Cerebral palsyDuchenne muscular dystrophyFriedreich ataxiaMarfan syndromeMeningoceleMyelomeningocelePediatric neuromuscular disordersSpinal muscular atrophy

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Neuromuscular disorders significantly affect patient quality of life and lifespan.
  • Common examples include cerebral palsy and myelodysplasia.
  • Orthopedic manifestations are a key concern in managing these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review orthopedic management strategies for neuromuscular disorders.
  • To emphasize the goals of improving mobility and preserving ambulatory capacity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of operative and nonoperative treatment modalities.
  • Focus on evidence-based approaches for orthopedic manifestations.

Main Results:

  • Both surgical and non-surgical interventions can address orthopedic issues.
  • Treatment aims to maximize functional outcomes for patients.

Conclusions:

  • Effective orthopedic management is crucial for patients with neuromuscular disorders.
  • Preserving mobility and ambulatory function are primary treatment objectives.