Should Australia tax sugar-sweetened beverages?

The implementation of a sugar tax in Australia has been discussed extensively as a way to combat rising rates of obesity and diabetes. We aim to review international efforts by governments to implement sugar tax initiatives. We summarise the different initiatives and investigate their pros and cons, evidence of impact and what the possibilities are for introducing a sugar tax in the Australian context. We conclude that government-imposed sugar taxes on production reduce sugar consumption in the general population. It remains unclear whether the reduction in sugar has generally led to a reduction in population obesity. Nonetheless, the fact that commercial actors have themselves begun to reduce sugar in their products indicates that they are aware of the benefits of reduced sugar consumption in the community, if only by way of changing consumer preferences.