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Long noncoding RNAs in key cellular processes involved in aortic aneurysms.

Zhi-Yuan Wu1, Matthias Trenner2, Reinier A Boon3

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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly studied for their role in aortic aneurysm (AA) development. This review explores current data on lncRNAs and their impact on AA pathophysiology, highlighting research gaps.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Aortic aneurysm (AA) is a progressive vascular disease with limited treatment options beyond surgery.
  • Current AA management relies on surgical intervention, as no effective pharmacological therapies exist.
  • Noncoding RNAs are being investigated for their roles in vascular diseases, including AA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss current research on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in aortic aneurysm (AA) pathophysiology.
  • To explore the molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs mediate AA development and progression.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and future research directions concerning lncRNAs in AA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating noncoding RNAs in aortic aneurysms.
  • Analysis of current data on microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AA.
  • Synthesis of findings regarding the specific roles of lncRNAs in thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs).

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in AA.
  • The roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AA development are less understood and largely unexplored.
  • lncRNA involvement in AA pathophysiology appears to differ between thoracic and abdominal types.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent a promising area for understanding AA pathogenesis.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific functions and therapeutic potential of lncRNAs in AA.
  • Distinguishing the roles of lncRNAs in TAAs versus AAAs is crucial for targeted interventions.