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Related Concept Videos

Catenins01:23

Catenins

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Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the...
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Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
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Positive Regulator Molecules

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Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
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Positive Regulator Molecules01:45

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To consistently produce healthy cells, the cell cycle—the process that generates daughter cells—must be precisely regulated.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Reconstitution Of β-catenin Degradation In Xenopus Egg Extract
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Dkk1 Controls Cell-Cell Interaction through Regulation of Non-nuclear β-Catenin Pools.

Marie Johansson1, Florence A Giger1, Triona Fielding1

  • 1Centre for Developmental Neurobiology and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.

Developmental Cell
|December 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) regulates cell adhesion and polarity during zebrafish development. This secreted Wnt antagonist controls cell connectivity and β-catenin localization, impacting cell migration.

Keywords:
Dickkopf-1Dkk1Wnt signaling morphogenesiscell adhesioncell migrationmetastasisneurodegenerationpolarityβ-catenin

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) is a secreted Wnt antagonist crucial for embryonic head development.
  • Emerging evidence suggests Dkk1's involvement in malignancies and neurodegenerative diseases via unelucidated mechanisms.
  • Understanding Dkk1's non-canonical functions is vital for disease research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) in regulating collective cell migration.
  • To investigate Dkk1's role in cell connectivity and polarity independent of its Wnt antagonism.
  • To explore Dkk1's direct involvement in cell adhesion regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing zebrafish gastrulation as a model for in vivo collective cell migration.
  • Analyzing Dkk1 localization at adhesion complexes and actomyosin regions.
  • Assessing the impact of Dkk1 on cell polarization and β-catenin distribution.

Main Results:

  • Dkk1 localizes to plasma membrane adhesion complexes and actomyosin regions.
  • Dkk1 represses cell polarization and cell-cell adhesion integrity, independent of β-catenin degradation.
  • Dkk1 restricts β-catenin to a submembrane pool, preventing its nuclear localization.

Conclusions:

  • Dkk1 directly regulates cell adhesion and polarity during zebrafish gastrulation.
  • Dkk1's novel mechanism involves controlling β-catenin distribution, not solely degradation.
  • This mechanism impacts both cell adhesion and Wnt/β-catenin transcriptional output.