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Predeployment neurocognitive functioning predicts postdeployment posttraumatic stress in Army personnel.

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Predeployment executive functions, specifically sustained attention and inhibitory control, predict posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity in soldiers. These findings aid in developing PTSD prevention strategies for military personnel.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Military Health

Background:

  • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant concern for military personnel following deployment.
  • Identifying prospective predictors of PTSD is crucial for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess predeployment neurocognitive functioning as a predictor of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity.
  • To build predictive models for PTSD risk and resilience in soldiers.

Main Methods:

  • Examined 403 soldiers, assessing predeployment executive functioning using web-based tasks.
  • Utilized linear regression and latent growth mixture models to analyze PTSD symptom severity and trajectories.
  • Controlled for demographic and historical factors, including age, gender, education, prior deployments, and childhood trauma.

Main Results:

  • Predeployment sustained attention and inhibitory control performance significantly predicted postdeployment PTSD symptom severity.
  • Two PTSD trajectories were identified: a 'resilient' group (90.9%) with stable low symptoms and an 'increasing' group (9.1%) with elevated symptoms postdeployment.
  • Predeployment sustained attention and inhibitory control were significant predictors of the posttraumatic stress trajectory.

Conclusions:

  • Predeployment executive functions are valuable prospective predictors of PTSD development and trajectories in military personnel.
  • Findings support the integration of neurocognitive assessments into PTSD prevention programs for soldiers.
  • Understanding these predictors can enhance the pathogenesis understanding and preventative care for PTSD.