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Recurrence risk of preterm births: a retrospective Indian study

Anitha Reddy Depa1, Sirisha Rao Gundabattula2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Fernandez Hospital, Hyderabad, India.

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology : the Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
|December 4, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Preterm birth recurrence in India mirrors Western rates, affecting 31.6% of mothers. Preeclampsia significantly increases this risk, highlighting its importance in prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatal Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Preterm birth (PTB) is a major cause of neonatal mortality globally.
  • India bears the largest burden of PTBs worldwide.
  • Understanding PTB recurrence is crucial for improving maternal and infant outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the recurrence rate of preterm birth (PTB) in an Indian population.
  • To identify factors associated with PTB recurrence.
  • To provide data for improved PTB prevention strategies in India.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of women with singleton preterm deliveries (2009-2010) and subsequent deliveries by March 2016.
  • Stratification of PTBs into spontaneous and indicated categories.
  • Analysis of demographic data and maternal/neonatal outcomes from medical records and telephone inquiries.

Main Results:

  • The overall PTB recurrence rate was 31.6% (29.1% for spontaneous, 34.0% for indicated).
  • Recurrence rates are comparable to those observed in Western populations.
  • Preeclampsia was significantly associated with PTB recurrence (OR 7.10, p < .001).
  • In 75% of cases, the type of recurrent PTB matched the initial PTB.

Conclusions:

  • The recurrence risk of preterm birth in India is substantial and similar to Western countries.
  • Preeclampsia is a key risk factor for recurrent preterm birth, emphasizing the need for its prevention.
  • Findings aid in counselling women with prior PTBs and guide future research on PE prediction and prevention.

Keywords:
Preterm birthpreeclampsiarecurrencerisk

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