Successful Treatment of Non-invasive Bladder Cancer During Pregnancy: Diagnostic and Management Challenges

Urological malignancies during pregnancy are exceedingly rare, with bladder cancer posing significant diagnostic and management challenges. This study describes a 28-year-old pregnant woman diagnosed with non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma, presenting with painless hematuria at 22 weeks of gestation. The diagnostic process included ultrasound and MRI, both of which confirmed a solitary polypoidal lesion. Surgical management was performed through transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) under spinal anesthesia at 24 weeks gestation. Challenges included differentiating hematuria from common pregnancy-related conditions and ensuring fetal safety during diagnostic imaging and surgery. The patient delivered a healthy baby at 37 weeks and remains recurrence-free one-year post-surgery. This study underscores the importance of multidisciplinary care and highlights the need for further research into urological cancers in pregnancy to improve outcomes for both mother and fetus.