[Testing for latent tuberculosis infection needs to be improved in Denmark]

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Infectious Diseases
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant global public health challenge.
• The World Health Organization (WHO) advocates for increased awareness of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in low-incidence countries as a preventive measure.
• Denmark, as a low-incidence country, can benefit from enhanced strategies for TB prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the burden of TB in Denmark.
• To emphasize the importance of diagnosing LTBI in at-risk populations.
• To advocate for initiating LTBI treatment to prevent the progression to active TB.

Main Methods:

• This study is a review of existing literature and data on TB in Denmark.
• It focuses on identifying patient groups who would benefit from LTBI testing and treatment.
• Analysis of risk factors and comorbidities associated with TB development.

Main Results:

• The burden of TB in Denmark could be reduced through improved LTBI diagnosis and treatment.
• Targeted LTBI testing is crucial for individuals at risk of developing active TB.
• Prompt treatment of LTBI can prevent future active TB cases.

Conclusions:

• Increased focus on diagnosing and treating latent TB infection is recommended for Denmark.
• LTBI testing should be prioritized for individuals with recent infection, organ transplant recipients, and those with comorbidities like HIV, undergoing dialysis, or with immunosuppression.
• Proactive management of LTBI is key to reducing the overall TB burden.