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Structural Brain Alterations Associated With Alcoholism.

Margaret J Rosenbloom1, Adolf Pfefferbaum1, Edith V Sullivan1

  • 1Margaret J. Rosenbloom, M.A., is a health science specialist in the Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, and in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California. Adolf Pfefferbaum, M.D., is chief of psychiatric research, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and a professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California. Edith V. Sullivan, Ph.D., is an associate professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, and a health science specialist in the Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California.

Alcohol Health and Research World
|December 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic heavy drinking is linked to reduced brain tissue volume, as shown by brain imaging. Abstinence may lead to some brain tissue recovery, but functional recovery remains unclear.

Keywords:
AOD abstinenceAOD dependencebrainchronic AODE (alcohol and other drug effects)computed x-ray tomographyheavy AOD usemagnetic resonance imagingneuroimagingrisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Pathological studies first identified brain structural changes in chronic heavy drinkers.
  • Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have further investigated these changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine structural brain changes in chronic heavy drinkers using advanced imaging techniques.
  • To investigate potential brain tissue volume changes following periods of abstinence.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess brain structure.
  • Analyzed brain tissue volume in chronic heavy drinkers.

Main Results:

  • Chronic heavy drinking is generally associated with decreased brain tissue volume.
  • Factors like age and gender may influence the observed brain volume changes.
  • MRI studies indicate a potential increase in brain tissue volume after months of abstinence.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic alcohol consumption leads to measurable structural brain alterations.
  • Brain tissue volume may show partial recovery with sustained abstinence.
  • The relationship between recovered brain tissue volume and functional brain recovery requires further investigation.