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Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Exploring Caspase Mutations and Post-Translational Modification by Molecular Modeling Approaches

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Published on: October 13, 2022

Dead Cas Systems: Types, Principles, and Applications.

Sergey Brezgin^1,2, Anastasiya Kostyusheva¹, Dmitry Kostyushev¹

¹National Medical Research Center of Tuberculosis and Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Health, Moscow 127994, Russia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|December 6, 2019

Summary

CRISPR-Cas gene editing enables new molecular tools using dead Cas (dCas) proteins to deliver cargo to specific genome sites. This review covers dCas systems, their applications in research and medicine, and future CRISPR technology directions.

Keywords:

Cas9 cancer chromatin dCas editing epigenetics hereditary diseases infectious diseases inflammatory diseases transcription

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Gene Editing Technologies
Biotechnology

Background:

CRISPR-Cas systems are foundational for molecular systems in research and medicine.
Dead Cas (dCas) proteins, lacking nuclease activity, are key for targeted genomic delivery.
dCas proteins enable the development of novel molecular tools for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current CRISPR systems for dCas-based molecular approaches.
To summarize significant applications of dCas systems.
To discuss the current state and future directions of CRISPR technology.

Main Methods:

Literature review of CRISPR-Cas systems and dCas applications.
Analysis of dCas-based molecular strategies.
Synthesis of current research trends and future prospects in the CRISPR field.

Main Results:

Overview of diverse dCas-based molecular systems.
Compilation of key applications in research and medical practice.
Identification of emerging trends and challenges in CRISPR technology.

Conclusions:

dCas proteins offer versatile platforms for precise genomic targeting.
CRISPR technology continues to evolve with significant potential in biomedicine.
Future directions include refining dCas systems and expanding their therapeutic applications.