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Leprosy Reactions In Childhood: A Prospective Cohort Study In The Brazilian Amazon

Sabrina Sampaio Bandeira1,2, Carla Avelar Pires2,3, Juarez Antonio Simões Quaresma2,3

  • 1Sanitary Dermatology Referral Unit "Dr. Marcello Cândia", Secretary of State for Public Health, Marituba, PA, Brazil.

Infection and Drug Resistance
|December 6, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Leprosy reactions are common in children in the Brazilian Amazon, with type I reactions being most frequent. Factors like older age and severe disease increase reaction risk, emphasizing the need for ongoing care after multidrug therapy (MDT).

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Leprosy reactions and severe multibacillary forms are frequent in children in highly endemic areas.
  • Childhood leprosy reactions require thorough clinical and epidemiological description.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of leprosy reactions in children from the Brazilian Amazon.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 34 children (<15 years) diagnosed with leprosy.
  • Follow-up during multidrug therapy (MDT) and one year post-treatment.
  • Included neurologic examination and structured questionnaires.

Main Results:

  • 52.9% of patients experienced leprosy reactions or neuritis.
  • Type I reactions were most common (77.8%), with many patients having multiple episodes.
  • Older age (8-14 years), multibacillary leprosy, and numerous skin lesions were associated with reactions.

Conclusions:

  • Older age, complex diagnosis, severe disease, and numerous lesions are risk factors for leprosy reactions in children.
  • Reactions occurring after MDT underscore the necessity of sustained healthcare for pediatric leprosy patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
AmazonBrazilMycobacterium lepraechildrenclinical aspectsleprosy

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