Historical differences in relationship functioning: Findings from three national population-based samples in Europe
1College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida.
Psychology and Aging
|December 6, 2019
Summary
Relationship functioning in heterosexual couples evolved over time, showing increased conflict but also greater support and satisfaction, reflecting societal shifts toward egalitarianism.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Family Studies
Background:
- Individual development and relationships are influenced by sociohistorical contexts.
- Understanding changes in couple functioning over time is crucial for grasping societal evolution.
- Previous research has not fully explored historical trends in relationship dynamics across diverse samples.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine how relationship functioning in heterosexual couples has changed across historical periods.
- To compare relationship dynamics using data from three distinct population-based studies.
- To investigate the influence of societal change on romantic relationships.
Main Methods:
- Utilized longitudinal data from the Swiss Social Stratification, Cohesion and Conflict in Contemporary Families Study (COUPLES), the Swiss Household Panel (SHP), and the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS).
- Employed propensity score matching to create comparable samples across different time waves within each study.
- Analyzed relationship functioning using measures of conflict, practical/emotional support, and relationship satisfaction.
Main Results:
- Couples in later waves reported increased conflict.
- Women in later waves reported greater emotional and practical support, narrowing the gender gap.
- Men in later waves reported higher relationship satisfaction.
- Observed historical differences align with increased societal egalitarianism.
Conclusions:
- Societal changes, particularly increased egalitarianism, appear to shape romantic relationship dynamics.
- Heterosexual couples' relationship functioning has evolved, with shifts in support, satisfaction, and conflict.
- Longitudinal studies are vital for understanding the interplay between societal trends and intimate relationships.
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