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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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The Hype Cycle of Working Memory Training.

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  • 1Purdue University, Department of Psychological Sciences, 703 Third Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, tredick@purdue.edu, (765) 494-5132.

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Evidence for working memory training efficacy remains limited despite extensive research. While task-specific improvements are common, broader benefits are often linked to studies with methodological weaknesses.

Keywords:
trainingtransferworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human behavior

Background:

  • Working memory training has been studied for over 17 years.
  • Numerous studies demonstrate improvements on trained tasks and close variants.
  • Claims of broader cognitive and behavioral improvements exist but lack robust evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence for working memory training efficacy.
  • To examine factors influencing training and transfer effects.
  • To discuss the past, present, and future of working memory research.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature on working memory training.
  • Analysis of methodological quality in studies reporting positive findings.
  • Discussion of factors affecting training and transfer efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Task-specific improvements in working memory are consistently observed.
  • Evidence for significant improvements in untrained abilities is weak.
  • Studies with large positive findings often exhibit methodological shortcomings.

Conclusions:

  • The overall efficacy of working memory training for untrained abilities is not well-supported.
  • Methodological rigor is crucial for reliable working memory training research.
  • Future research should focus on factors influencing transfer and robust study designs.