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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

385
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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The Effects of Working Memory versus Adaptive Visual Search Control Training on Executive Cognitive Function.

Peter R Finn1, Luca Nemes1, Allen Bailey1

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington.

Journal of Cognitive Enhancement : Towards the Integration of Theory and Practice
|July 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive training, including working memory (WM) and visual search (VS), improved executive cognitive function (ECF) in adults with and without alcohol use disorder (AUD). Improvements in ECF and reduced drinking in AUD participants persisted one month post-training.

Keywords:
alcohol usedelay discountingexecutive cognitive functioninhibitory controlworking memory training

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuropsychology

Background:

  • Working Memory (WM) training's efficacy in enhancing executive cognitive function (ECF) remains debated, particularly regarding far-transfer effects.
  • Research is exploring WM training's potential benefits for clinical populations with existing ECF deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of WM training versus a non-WM visual search (VS) control training on ECF in individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and healthy controls.
  • To assess improvements in delay discounting, inhibition, and drinking behaviors post-training.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (AUD and non-AUD) underwent 15 sessions of either adaptive WM or VS training over 4 weeks.
  • ECF was measured using delay discounting tasks, flanker, color, and spatial Stroop tasks.
  • Drinking behavior in the AUD group was also monitored.

Main Results:

  • Both WM and VS training led to significant improvements across all ECF measures at 4 weeks and 1-month follow-up.
  • Training reduced delay discounting rates and Stroop/Flanker task interference in all participants.
  • AUD participants showed sustained reductions in drinking behavior one month after training.

Conclusions:

  • Nonspecific effects of demanding cognitive training, rather than WM-specific effects, may drive ECF enhancements.
  • Cognitive training benefits, including improved ECF and reduced drinking in AUD, are retained for at least one month post-intervention.